Exploring the cosmos

Space is closer
than you think.

Space officially begins about 100 km above your head. Discover the science, worlds, and unanswered questions beyond our sky.

Since you arrived, Earth has carried you 0 km around the Sun.

Sunlight takes about 8 min 20 s to reach you.

A field guide to wonder

There’s more out there.

Big ideas. Remarkable worlds.
A new perspective on our place in it all.

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Your interplanetary itinerary

Eight worlds. One star.

Solar system on—

Directions from the Sun are approximate · Orbit sizes and planets not to scale

ARTIST’S IMPRESSION · NOT TO SCALE

06 / Gas giant · Ringed world

Saturn.

A world of extraordinary elegance. Saturn’s vast rings are made mostly of water ice, ranging from tiny grains to chunks as large as mountains.

Mean diameter
116,460 km
Orbital period
29.45 Earth years
From the Sun
9.58 AU
Axial tilt
26.7°

Approximate values. Distance is the orbital semimajor axis.
1 AU ≈ 149.6 million km, Earth’s average distance from the Sun.

Clouds of gas and dust in a star-forming region
An unseen universeNebula imagery · NASA/JPL-Caltech

Through a different lens

Not all light
meets the eye.

The James Webb Space Telescope looks beyond visible light. By observing in infrared, it helps us peer through cosmic dust, study the atmospheres of distant worlds, and investigate light stretched by an expanding universe.

A different way of seeing. A deeper way of understanding.

2.5 million light-years away

The Andromeda Galaxy.

Our nearest large galactic neighbor, and one of the most distant things you can see with the unaided eye. The light reaching you tonight left it about 2.5 million years ago.

A universe for everyone

You don’t need a telescope. Just curiosity.